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+ S T R I N G S A R E T H E S W I S S - A R M Y k n i f e o f P H P , p a r t i c u l a r l y i f y o u c o n s i d e r t h e f a c t t h a t m o s t P H P s c r i p t s a r e u s e d t o s e r v e w e b p a g e s w h i c h a r e , f o r t h e m o s t p a r t , n o t h i n g m o r e t h a n l a r g e s t r i n g s . K n o w i n g h o w t o u s e t h i s p a r t i c u l a r f a c i l i t y i s , t h e r e f o r e , o n e o f t h e m o s t
f u n d a m e n t a l s k i l l s o f t h e P H P d e v e l o p e r , s i n c e y o u l l b e w o r k i n g w i t h t h e m d a y i n a n d d a y o u t .
L u c k i l y , i t s e s s e n t i a l r o l e i n t h e l i f e o f a P H P s c r i p t h a s r e s u l t e d i n s t r i n g m a n i p u l a t i o n b e i n g m a d e e x c e p t i o n a l l y e a s y b y t h e P H P d e v e l o p m e n t t e a m . T h e r e f o r e , o n c e y o u g e t p a s t t h e f i r s t f e w h u r d l e s , h a n d l i n g s t r i n g s b e c o m e s e a s y , q u i c k a n d t o s o m e e x t e n t e v e n f u n .
H o w e v e r , t h i s p a r t i c u l a r a s p e c t o f P H P p r o g r a m m i n g i s f a r f r o m b e i n g f r e e o f p i t f a l l s . T h i s p o r t i o n o f t h e e x a m t e s t s y o u r u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f s t r i n g s a s w e l l a s y o u r k n o w l e d g e o f t h e b o d y o f f u n c t i o n s t h a t a r e u s e d t o m a n i p u l a t e t h e m . A d d i t i o n a l l y , y o u l l f i n d y o u r s e l f f a c e d w i t h t h e
b a s i c s o f t h a t m o s t v o o d o o a r t o f w r i t i n g r e g u l a r e x p r e s s i o n s , w h i c h , d e s p i t e b e i n g a h u g e l y u s e f u l t o o l , i s t o o o f t e n n e g l e c t e d b y m o s t d e v e l o p e r s . radioL Consider the following script. What line of code should be inserted in the marked location in order to display the string php when this script is executed?
[php]<?php
$alpha = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
$letters = array(15, 7, 15);
foreach($letters as $val) {
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?>[/php] ¹ The substr function could work for this task, but, because the only available answer that makes use of this function extracts two characters at a time, it must be ruled out. This leaves either $alpha{$val} or $alpha{$val+1} as the only two options that can actually print the desired string. Since strings can be accessed as zero-indexed arrays (meaning that the first character in the string has an index of zero), the correct answer is D. echo chr($val); echo asc($val); echo substr($alpha, $val, 2); echo $alpha{$val}; echo $alpha{$val+1} checkboxR Which of the following will not combine strings $s1 and $s2 into a single string? Each of the answers will produce the desired result of concatenating the string $s1 with the string $s2, with the exception of Answer A. In PHP, the plus operator (+) does not combine two strings together as it does in other languages, such as Java or Javascript.
$s1 + $s2
"{$s1}{$s2}" $s1.$s2 implode('', array($s1, $s2)) % All of the above combine the strings radiof How can you write a class so that some of its properties cannot be accessed from outside its methods? · Answer C is correct. In PHP 4, it is not possible to limit access to class members or properties. This can, however, be done in PHP 5, for example by declaring a property as private. " By declaring the class as private $ By declaring the methods as private It cannot be done ) By writing a property overloading method radio Which object-oriented pattern would you use to implement a class that must be instantiated only once for the entire lifespan of a script? Ù T h e S i n g l e t o n P a t t e r n i s h a n d y w h e n e v e r o n l y o n e i n s t a n c e o f a p a r t i c u l a r c l a s s c a n e x i s t a t a n y g i v e n t i m e ( a n d , y e s , i n c a s e y o u r e w o n d e r i n g , y o u s h o u l d e x p e c t t h e e x a m t o t e s t y o u o n t h e b a s i c s o f p a t t e r n s , t o o ) . Model-view-controller Abstract factory
Singleton Proxy State ÿ
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